Why there is warning sign on the bottles of acid and bases"?
Answer:
Because of the various hazards involved when handling them. All come (when shipped) with a MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) which lists the various properties and hazards associated with them and what precautions are necessary.
The warning signs will tell you why. Read them.
they are very dangerous and could be deadly if swallowed or could cause burns on skin
Because they burn you really badly if the concentration is high enough. Strong acids and bases can easily dissolve pretty much anything. Take HCl, called hydrochloric acid, for example. This is the chemical found in your stomach to help break up the food that you eat. HCl is one of the strongest acids around and if it can break up the food that you eat as quickly as it does, imagine what it would do to your skin.
To tell you the dangerous properties of some of them and the precautions you need in handling them.
Usually its corrosive, irritant, or toxic. The more signs, the more precautions you need to take - goggles, gloves, protective lab coat etc.
The warning sign on the bottles of acid and bases is given on the basis of their Toxicity Category. These chemicals fall in the category II.
Chemicals meeting the criteria of Toxicity Category I are required to bear on the front panel the signal word "Danger." In addition if the product was assigned to Toxicity Category I on the basis of its oral, inhalation or dermal toxicity (as distinct from skin and eye local effects) the word "Poison'' shall appear in red on a background of distinctly contrasting color and the skull and crossbones shall appear in immediate proximity to the word "Poison."
Toxicity Category I criteria:
Oral LD50: Up to and including 50 mg/kg
Inhalation LC50: Up to and including .2 mg/liter
Dermal LD50: Up to and including 200 mg/kg
Eye effects: Corrosive; corneal opacity not reversible within 7 days
Skin effects: Corrosive
TOXICITY CATEGORY II
All chemicals meeting the criteria of Toxicity Category II shall bear on the front panel the signal word "Warning."
Toxicity Category II criteria:
Oral LD50: From 50 thru 500 mg/kg
Inhalation LC50: From .2 thru 2 mg/liter
Dermal LD50: From 200 thru 2000 mg/kg
Eye effects: Corneal opacity reversible within 7 days; irritation persisting for 7 days
Skin effects: Severe irritation at 72 hours
TOXICITY CATEGORY III
All chemicals meeting the criteria of Toxicity Category III shall bear on the front panel the signal word "Caution."
Toxicity Category III criteria:
Oral LD50: From 500 thru 5000 mg/kg
Inhalation LC50: From 2. thru 20 mg/liter
Dermal LD50: From 2,000 thru 20,000 mg/kg
Eye effects: No corneal opacity; irritation reversible within 7 days
Skin effects: Moderate irritation at 72 hours
TOXICITY CATEGORY IV
All chemicals meeting the criteria of Toxicity Category IV shall bear on the front panel the signal word "Caution."
Toxicity Category IV criteria:
Oral LD50: Greater than 5000 mg/kg
Inhalation LC50: Greater than 20 mg/liter
Dermal LD50: Greater than 20,000 mg/kg
Eye effects: No irritation
Skin effects: Mild or slight irritation at 72 hours
they are dangerous. highly corrosive and deadly if swallowed.
Acids and bases are corrosive to human body. To handle these corrosive / harmful chemicals, warning signs are put on the containers.
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