OCHEM HOMEWORK! What is an equation for the reaction of tertiary-butyl alcohol with the lucas reagent?
Answer:
Lucas Test: This test is for low molecular weight alcohols and it distinguishes the rates of reaction of alcohols with the Lucas reagent (HCl and ZnCl2). Positive indicator of the reaction is the formation of a water insoluble alkyl chloride as cloudiness or a precipitate. The formation of an alkyl chloride with tertiary alcohol is very rapid, followed by the secondary alcohol that may take from 5 to 20 minutes to form visible cloudiness. Primary alcohols do not react with Lucas reagent or it may show very little result in a very long time.
3o alcohol: R3COH + HCl (ZnCl2) à R3Cl (alkyl chloride) + H2O Very Fast
(insoluble/cloudiness)
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