How do you find the intermediates in a reaction?
Answer:
it´s a big pain in the neck, let me tell you.
the first step is to formulate a mechanism. then you might try to isolate your intermediates, by quenching the reaction at the appropriate time, for example, or adding a reagent, that would react preferably with your intermediate. you coul follow your reaction spectroscopilcally too, to see if a band, characteristic for your intermediate will appear in the spectra.
you could separately synthesize your intermediate, and then carry the reaction with it-if u get the same result, chances are it is the intermediate in your initial reaction.
there are some indirect methods too, like modifying your starting material so, that this intermediate cannot be formed, or cannot react further, and so on and so forth.
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