How do you account fir the observed solubility of naphthalene?
How do you account fir the observed solubility of naphthalene and NaCl in H2O and in Ether based on the nature of the bonds that exist in them?
Answer:
NaCl is an ionic substance, meaning that it is composed of Na+ and Cl- ions that can very much be thought of as separate entities. Thus, any molecule that has a significant electric dipole (a separation of charge such that one end of the molecule is negative and the other is positive) will be able to dissolve NaCl effectively pulling Na+ to its negative end and Cl- to its positive end. So water and ether can dissolve NaCl for the same reason... both of them contain an oxygen atom with two groups of atoms bonded to it at an angle. The oxygen forms the negative end of the molecule in both cases and is able to bond to the Na+. Naphthalene is only sparingly soluble in water because it is organic molecule rather than ionic, and has no electric dipole. It may be somewhat more soluble in ether since these compounds have a more organic component.
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Answer:
NaCl is an ionic substance, meaning that it is composed of Na+ and Cl- ions that can very much be thought of as separate entities. Thus, any molecule that has a significant electric dipole (a separation of charge such that one end of the molecule is negative and the other is positive) will be able to dissolve NaCl effectively pulling Na+ to its negative end and Cl- to its positive end. So water and ether can dissolve NaCl for the same reason... both of them contain an oxygen atom with two groups of atoms bonded to it at an angle. The oxygen forms the negative end of the molecule in both cases and is able to bond to the Na+. Naphthalene is only sparingly soluble in water because it is organic molecule rather than ionic, and has no electric dipole. It may be somewhat more soluble in ether since these compounds have a more organic component.
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