What is Anhyerous nitric acid?
Answer:
Pure anhydrous nitric acid (100%) is a colourless liquid with a density of 1522 kg/m3 which solidifies at -42°C to form white crystals and boils at 83°C. When boiling in light, even at room temperature, there is a partial decomposition with the formation of nitrogen dioxide following the reaction:
4HNO3 → 2H2O + 4NO2 + O2 (72°C)
which means that anhydrous nitric acid should be stored below 0°C to avoid decomposition. The nitrogen dioxide (NO2) remains dissolved in the nitric acid coloring it yellow, or red at higher temperatures. While the pure acid tends to give off white fumes when exposed to air, acid with dissolved nitrogen dioxide gives off reddish-brown vapours, leading to the common name "red fuming acid" or "fuming nitric acid"...
anhydrous-it's the gaseous form of liquid nitric acid
Anhydrous nitric acid is a liquid. It forms a "constant boiling mixture" with water that is about 70% nitric acid and 30% water. That is what is commonly called "concentrated" nitric acid.
The problem with anhydrous nitric acid is that it is difficult to keep dry. Also, it's more expensive to make than the concentrated aqueous stuff. Finally it's less stable, giving off red fumes of NO2 much more readily. It's rather tricky to handle actually.
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