For tensile test, How do materials behave to each other?
Cast iron
Low carbon steel
Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Epoxy
Rubber
these are the samples.
and, how does the cast iron specimen compare with the low carbon steel?
what is the different behaviors?...
Answer:
Some of these samples will elongate a great deal while getting thinner the whole time, and not regain their original shape (plastic deformation). Polyethylene is the best example of this. Some will elongate and get thinner, but then snap back to their origianl shape (elastic deformation), like rubber. Elongating and getting thinner is ductility. Recovering the shape represents elasticity. Low carbon steel will elongate and up to a certain deformation limit, it will recover its shape (elastic deformation). Beyond a certain point, it will not completely recover its shape (plastic deformation). Cast iron will not elongate or get thinner to any appreciable degree. It will rupture before this happens. This behavior is defined as brittleness. You can probably look at the list of materials and, based on your experience with these materials, form a reasonable guess as to where each fall between being perfectly elastic or inelastic or between being ductile or brittle.
In tension you usually measure the stress (force applied over the sample's cross-sectional area) and the strain (the change in length of the original length).
You can have elastic deformation (when you remove the load the part goes back to it's original shape) and plastic deformation (permanent deformation).
Strain is equal to the stress of Young's Modulus (you can find these values in textbooks and on sites like www.matweb.com).
Aluminum, typically, will fracture before low carbon steel based on their ultimate strengths (ultimate strength is the stress at which a material will break).
Epoxy is a material that has a yield strength (point where plastic deformation begins) that is very close to it's ultimate or tensile strength meaning that there's not a lot of permanent deformation before the part fractures.
In general you'll need to have some material properties to know the exact rankings of these materials in terms of strength and elongation.
the metals will have a high tensile strength.
polyethylene, polypropylene,epoxy and rubber will have a low tensile strength but a higher elastic moduli.
on google, search tensile strength cast iron and another search for the low carbon steels.
u will get a bunch of websites giving u ranges of these 2 metals.
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