Production of gamma-decalactone?
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Optically active gamma-decalactone is produced by culturing a microorganism capable of hydrolyzing castor oil and effecting beta-oxidation of the resulting hydrolysate in the presence of castor oil or castor oil hydrolysate and a co-oxidant. The resulting gamma-hydroxydecanoic acid is lactonized to form gamma-decalactone.
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Production of -decalactone from ricinoleic acid by immobilized cells of Sporidiobolus salmonicolor
Sporidiobolus salmonicolor CCRC 21975 was immobilized in κ-carrageenan, chitosan, agarose or calcium alginate. Due to the detrimental effects of high temperature attained during the gelling processes of κ-carrageenan and agarose as well as the toxicity of chitosan to the test organism, immobilization of S. salonicolor with these matrices for the production of γ-decalactone was inadequate. Neither viable cells nor production of γ-decalactone could be detected in media after 4 days cultivation of S. salmonicolor immobilized with κ-carrageenan or chitosan. Fewer viable cells and little γ-decalactone production was found in media with agarose-immobilized cells. In contrast, no significant reduction in the viable population was noted during immobilization procedures using alginate. Alginate-immobilized S. salmonicolor cells showed less susceptibility to ricinoleic acid toxicity and produced more γ-decalactone than did free cells. Time courses of γ-decalactone production by S. salmonicolor also revealed that immobilized cells produced a maximum γ-decalactone yield of ca. 131·8 mg l−1 after 5 days fermentation, compared with a maximum of ca. 107·5 mg l−1 for free cells.
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Growth of and Production of γ-Decalactone by Sporobolomyces odorus in Jar Fermentors as Affected by pH, Aeration and Fed-Batch Technique
In jar fermentors, Sporobolomyces odorus grew rapidly and entered the stationary growth pahse at approximately 72 of cultivation. During the 192 h fermentation period, pH DO concentration in the medium first decreased and then increased. A maximum yield of γ-declactone of 54.6 mg/l was noted after 120 h of cultivation. Studies on the effects of pH control and aeration rate revealed that maintaining the pH of the medium at 4.0,5.0,6.0 or 7.0 neither affected the growth of S. odorus nor improved the yield of γ-decalactone, and that although a larger maximum final population was found in the culture with an aeration rate of 2 vvm, a greater yield of γ-decalactone was noted when aeration rate was maintained at 1.0 or 1.5 vvm. A significant increase in the maximum yield of γ-decalactone was noted in fed-batch culture of S. odorus. The maximum yield of γ-dcalactone increased with the number of castor oil hydrolysae feedings. Fed-batch cultivation of S.odorus with additions of castor oil hydrolysate on the 3rd, 4th and 5th d of cultivation resulted in a maximum yield of 208 mg/l γ-decalactone which was noted after 7 d of cultivation
STRUCTURE OF γ-decalactone
http://s180.photobucket.com/albums/x281/...
SORRY,ITS TOO DIFFICULT TO MAKE A BLOCK DIAGRAM.....
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