Which will do less damage plugging 110V appliance into 220V circuit or plugging 220V into 110V circuit? Ex.?
Answer:
less damage will be if you plug a higher voltage rating to a lower voltage circuit, if it has a motor load, the motor will just hum, if it is resistive load, then it will not just function normally, but if you will plug a 110 volts rated appliance to a 220 volts circuit then it will be a nightmare to the motor or heaters if it had these, if no fuse will break for sure there will be smoke
Plugging a 110 V appliance into the 220 V outlet will certainly be more problematic. The reason is that current flow is a function of impedance. The impedance remains the same yet the voltage is doubled. Thus the current flow is doubled since the current is the voltage divided by the impedance. I = V/R is the formula. Doubling the voltage and doubling the current quadruples the power. It is a standard square law, as energy equations always are. P = IV = V^2/R = I^2*R. These all can be derived from the I = V/R formula. The important thing to note is the square. Thus doubling the current or the voltage will double the power to be dissipated in the device which will cause overheating. There also could be danger of structural failure since more power means rotating devices will rotate faster if you attempt to run something like a large motor this way.
I have seen this first hand. One day a bone head electrician accidentally wired 220 to a 110 outlet. The circular saw i was using ran very fast and shot huge sparks out of the motor.
It will less damaging to plug 220V appliance into 110V circuit.
Up to this moment I have no opposite information or experience.
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